Pattern recognition receptors on innate immune cells play an important role in guiding how
cells interact with the rest of the organism and in determining the direction of the …

C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) are important in several immune regulatory processes. These
receptors recognize glycans expressed by host cells or by pathogens. Whereas pathogens …

Vaccination is still the most promising strategy for combating influenza virus pandemics.
However, the highly variable characteristics of influenza virus make it difficult to develop …

Currently, several successful vaccines are available. However, for pathogens with a highly
variable genetic composition, and for which serum IgG antibodies are not a useful correlate …

ABSTRACT Approximately 4.4% of the human genome is comprised of endogenous
retroviral sequences, a record of an evolutionary battle between man and retroviruses. Much …

Dendritic cells (DCs) and Foxp3-expressing CD4+ regulatory T (Treg) cells play non-
redundant roles in the maintenance of peripheral tolerance to self-antigens, thereby …

Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) is the radiation toxicity that can affect the hematopoietic,
gastrointestinal, and nervous systems upon accidental radiation exposure within a short …

The development of influenza A virus (IAV) vaccines, which elicits cross-strain immunity
against seasonal and pandemic viruses is a major public health goal. As pigs are …

Due to its abundance of immunocompetent cells, the skin represents an attractive target
tissue for novel and enhanced immunotherapeutic approaches. However, in order to avoid …

Improving the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of vaccines is critical to reducing
disease impacts. One strategy used to enhance the immunogenicity of vaccines is the …