Ultrafast processes in light-absorbing proteins have been implicated in the primary step in
the light-to-energy conversion and the initialization of photoresponsive biological functions …

The mechanistic understanding of protein functions requires insight into the structural and
reaction dynamics. To elucidate these processes, a variety of experimental approaches are …

Phytochromes are bimodal photoswitches composed of a photosensor and an output
module. Photoactivation of the sensor is initiated by a double bond isomerization of the …

Phytochromes are biological red/far-red light sensors found in many organisms.
Photoisomerization of the linear methine-bridged tetrapyrrole triggers transient proton …

Energy transfer between electronically coupled photosynthetic light-harvesting antenna
pigments is frequently assisted by protein and chromophore nuclear motion. This energy …

Cyanobacteriochromes are members of the phytochrome superfamily. In contrast to classical
phytochromes, these small photosensors display a considerable variability of electronic …

Phytochromes act as photoswitches between the red-and far-red absorbing parent states of
phytochromes (Pr and Pfr). Plant phytochromes display an additional thermal conversion …

Phytochromes are widely distributed photoreceptors with a bilin chromophore that undergo
a typical reversible photoconversion between the two spectrally different forms, Pr and Pfr …

Cyanobacteriochromes are compact and spectrally diverse photoreceptor proteins that are
promising candidates for biotechnological applications. Computational studies can …

Plant phytochromes are red/far-red photochromic photoreceptors that act as master
regulators of development, controlling the expression of thousands of genes. Here, we …