Amino acids are necessary for all living cells and organisms. Specialized transporters
mediate the transfer of amino acids across plasma membranes. Malfunction of these …

The SLC7 family is divided into two subgroups, the cationic amino acid transporters (the
CAT family, SLC7A1–4) and the glycoprotein-associated amino acid transporters (the gpaAT …

Nephrolithiasis is a prevalent condition with a high morbidity. Although dozens of
monogenic causes have been identified, the fraction of single-gene disease has not been …

The L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1 or SLC7A5) transports large neutral amino acids
across the membrane and is crucial for brain drug delivery and tumor growth. LAT1 forms a …

The Cα—H⋅⋅⋅ O hydrogen bond has been given little attention as a determinant of
transmembrane helix association. Stimulated by recent calculations suggesting that such …

Heterodimeric amino acid transporters are comprised of two subunits, a polytopic membrane
protein (light chain) and an associated type II membrane protein (heavy chain). The heavy …

Recent developments in the genetics and physiology of cystinuria do not support the
traditional classification, which is based on the excretion of cystine and dibasic amino acids …

Cystinuria is a primary inherited aminoaciduria caused by mutations in the genes that
encode the two subunits (neutral and basic amino acid transport protein rBAT and b (0,+) …

Amino acids are essential building blocks of all mammalian cells. In addition to their role in
protein synthesis, amino acids play an important role as energy fuels, precursors for a …

The heteromeric amino acid transporters (HATs) are composed of two polypeptides: a heavy
subunit (HSHAT) and a light subunit (LSHAT) linked by a disulfide bridge. HSHATs are N …