From quantifier depth to quantifier number: Separating structures with k variables

H Vinall-Smeeth - Proceedings of the 39th Annual ACM/IEEE …, 2024 - dl.acm.org
Given two n-element structures, A and ℬ, which can be distinguished by a sentence of k-
variable first-order logic (ℒk), what is the minimum f (n) such that there is guaranteed to be a …

Succinctness of Cosafety Fragments of LTL via Combinatorial Proof Systems (extended version)

L Geatti, A Mansutti, A Montanari - arXiv preprint arXiv:2401.09860, 2024 - arxiv.org
This paper focuses on succinctness results for fragments of Linear Temporal Logic with Past
(LTL) devoid of binary temporal operators like until, and provides methods to establish them …

Multi-Structural Games and Beyond

M Carmosino, R Fagin, N Immerman… - Logical Methods in …, 2024 - lmcs.episciences.org
Multi-structural (MS) games are combinatorial games that capture the number of quantifiers
of first-order sentences. On the face of their definition, MS games differ from Ehrenfeucht …

Game characterizations for the number of quantifiers

L Hella, K Luosto - Mathematical Structures in Computer Science, 2024 - cambridge.org
A game that characterizes equivalence of structures with respect to all first-order sentences
containing a given number of quantifiers was introduced by Immerman in 1981. We define …

Succinctness of Cosafety Fragments of LTL via Combinatorial Proof Systems

L Geatti, A Mansutti, A Montanari - International Conference on …, 2024 - Springer
This paper focuses on succinctness results for fragments of Linear Temporal Logic with Past
(LTL) devoid of binary temporal operators like until, and provides methods to establish them …

On the number of quantifiers needed to define boolean functions

M Carmosino, R Fagin, N Immerman, P Kolaitis… - arXiv preprint arXiv …, 2024 - arxiv.org
The number of quantifiers needed to express first-order (FO) properties is captured by two-
player combinatorial games called multi-structural games. We analyze these games on …

Parallel Play Saves Quantifiers

M Carmosino, R Fagin, N Immerman, P Kolaitis… - arXiv preprint arXiv …, 2024 - arxiv.org
The number of quantifiers needed to express first-order properties is captured by two-player
combinatorial games called multi-structural (MS) games. We play these games on linear …

Description Complexity of Unary Structures in First-Order Logic with Links to Entropy

R Jaakkola, A Kuusisto, M Vilander - arXiv preprint arXiv:2406.02108, 2024 - arxiv.org
The description complexity of a model is the length of the shortest formula that defines the
model. We study the description complexity of unary structures in first-order logic FO, also …

Boolean basis, formula size, and number of modal operators

C Berkholz, D Kuske, C Schwarz - arXiv preprint arXiv:2408.11651, 2024 - arxiv.org
Is it possible to write significantly smaller formulae when using Boolean operators other than
those of the De Morgan basis (and, or, not, and the constants)? For propositional logic, a …