Glutamine and glutamate with proline, histidine, arginine and ornithine, comprise 25% of the
dietary amino acid intake and constitute the “glutamate family” of amino acids, which are …

Metabolic reprogramming in cancer targets glutamine metabolism as a key mechanism to
provide energy, biosynthetic precursors and redox requirements to allow the massive …

We identified a p53 target gene, phosphate-activated mitochondrial glutaminase (GLS2), a
key enzyme in conversion of glutamine to glutamate, and thereby a regulator of glutathione …

Metabolites are small molecules involved in cellular metabolism, which can be detected in
biological samples using metabolomic techniques. Here we present the results of genome …

Glutamine is a multifaceted amino acid used for hepatic urea synthesis, renal
ammoniagenesis, gluconeogenesis in both liver and kidney, and as a major respiratory fuel …

Many cancer cells exhibit an altered metabolic phenotype, in which glutamine consumption
is upregulated relative to healthy cells. This metabolic reprogramming often depends upon …

Glutamine is the most abundant free amino acid in the human body; it is essential for the
growth of normal and neoplastic cells and for the culture of many cell types. Cancer has …

Cancer cells require a robust supply of reduced nitrogen to produce nucleotides, non-
essential amino acids and a high cellular redox activity. Glutamine provides a major …

The metabolic adaptations that support oncogenic growth can also render cancer cells
dependent on certain nutrients. Along with the Warburg effect, increased utilization of …

Glutaminolysis is initiated by either of two isoforms, K-and L-types, of the enzyme phosphate-
activated glutaminase. The chromosomal localization, genomic organization, and the tissue …