This paper surveys the literature on historical national accounting, discusses the importance
of relative income benchmarks for, in particular, historical income estimates, and presents an …

Debates about the nature and economic role of money are mostly informed by evidence
from the twentieth century, but money has existed for millennia. We argue that there are …

Taking advantage of key recent advances in long-run economic and financial data, we
analyze the statistical properties of global long-maturity real interest rates over the past …

Taking advantage of key recent advances in long-run financial and economic data, this
paper analyzes the statistical properties of global long-maturity real interest rates over the …

We construct a new series of GDP per capita for France for the period 1280–1850 using the
demand-side approach. Our estimates point to a long-run stability of the French economy …

Gender discrimination has been pointed out as a determining factor behind the long-run
divergence in incomes of Southern vis-à-vis Northwestern Europe. In this paper, we show …

This paper contributes to the debate on Europe's modern economic growth using the
statistical concept of long-range dependence. Different regimes, defined as periods between …

The modern business cycle features long expansions combined with short recessions, and
is thus related to the emergence of sustained economic growth. It also features significant …

While studies indicate that economic inequality increased in the early modern period, it is
debated whether this applied to all regions, and what the causes of change were. This paper …

We provide a blueprint for constructing measures of state capacity in premodern states,
offering several advantages over the current state of the art. We argue that assessing …