The amygdala is a structure of the temporal lobe thought to be involved in assigning
emotional significance to environmental information and triggering adapted physiological …

The cerebellum is involved in many motor, autonomic and cognitive functions, and new
tasks that have a cerebellar contribution are discovered on a regular basis. Simultaneously …

Central noradrenergic centers such as the locus coeruleus (LC) are traditionally viewed as
pain inhibitory; however, complex interactions among brainstem pathways and their …

There is a growing recognition that the utility of the cerebellum is not limited to motor control.
This review focuses on the particularly novel area of hippocampal-cerebellar interactions …

The involvement of the reticular formation (RF) in the transmission and modulation of
nociceptive information has been extensively studied. The brainstem RF contains several …

Our vision of the cerebellum has been gradually transformed throughout the last century
from a 'little brain'to a 'neuronal machine'capable of multitasks, all arguably based on a …

Pharmacological ablation of rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) mu opioid receptor–
expressing cells before peripheral nerve injury prevents the development of neuropathic …

Conditioned pain modulation (CPM) is a powerful endogenous analgesic mechanism which
can completely inhibit incoming nociceptor signals at the primary synapse. The circuitry …

Acute pain serves as a protective mechanism that alerts us to potential tissue damage and
drives a behavioural response that removes us from danger. The neural circuitry critical for …

Dysregulation of Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) and central pain pathways in
temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is a growing evidence. Authors include some forms of …