Climate change resulting from increased concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide
([CO2]) is expected to result in warmer temperatures and changed precipitation regimes …

Hosts may evolve defences that make them less susceptible and suitable to herbivores
impacting their fitness. Due to climate change‐driven range expansion, herbivores are …

While the use of timber harvests is generally accepted as an effective approach to
controlling bark beetles during outbreaks, in reality there has been a dearth of monitoring to …

Bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) play important roles in temperate
conifer ecosystems, and also cause substantial economic losses. Although their general life …

Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda)(FAW) is an important invasive pest of maize. The
young FAW larva disrupts the photosynthetic system by feeding on the leaves. The older …

The conifers are a diverse and ancient group of seed plants of monophyletic origin that
arose more than 300 million years ago (Rothwell and Scheckler 1988). They are uniformly …

Long generation times limit species' rapid evolution to changing environments. Trees
provide critical global ecosystem services, but are under increasing risk of mortality because …

Periodic outbreaks of spruce budworm (SBW) affect large areas of ecologically and
economically important conifer forests in North America, causing tree mortality and reduced …

This chapter develops a framework to explore examples of adaptation options that could be
used to ensure that the ecosystem services provided by forests are maintained under future …

In this chapter we evaluate the potential effects of climate change on outbreak dynamics of
forest insects. Accumulating evidence of climate change over the past decades has fuelled …