Surgical procedures are key drivers of pain development and opioid utilization globally.
Various organizations have generated guidance on postoperative pain management …

Opioids have been regarded for millennia as among the most effective drugs for the
treatment of pain. Their use in the management of acute severe pain and chronic pain …

This guideline provides recommendations for clinicians providing pain care, including those
prescribing opioids, for outpatients aged≥ 18 years. It updates the CDC Guideline for …

Buprenorphine is a Schedule III opioid analgesic with unique pharmacodynamic and
pharmacokinetic properties that may be preferable to those of Schedule II full μ-opioid …

Respiratory depression limits the use of opioid analgesia. Although well described clinically,
the specific mechanisms of opioid action on respiratory control centres in the brain have …

Objective: Suicidal ideation and behavior currently have no quick-acting pharmacological
treatments that are suitable for independent outpatient use. Suicidality is linked to mental …

Opioid agonists are the most effective treatment for pain, but their use is limited by side
effects, tolerance and fears of addiction and dependence. A major goal of opioid research is …

Classical opioid analgesics, including morphine, mediate all of their desired and undesired
effects by specific activation of the μ‐opioid receptor (μ receptor). The use of morphine for …

Despite the increasing clinical use of transdermal buprenorphine, questions have persisted
about the possibility of a ceiling effect for analgesia, its combination with other μ‐opioid …

Despite proven clinical utility, buprenorphine has not been used widely for the treatment of
chronic pain. Questions about “ceiling effect” or bell-shaped curve observed for analgesia in …