For many years, the dogma has been that insulin resistance precedes the development of
hyperinsulinemia. However, recent data suggest a reverse order and place …

Insulin, a hormone produced by pancreatic β-cells, has a primary function of maintaining
glucose homeostasis. Deficiencies in β-cell insulin secretion result in the development of …

Insulin-like peptides (ILPs) and growth factors (IGFs) not only regulate development, growth,
reproduction, metabolism, stress resistance, and lifespan, but also certain behaviors and …

Over the past 10 years it has become clear that intact vascular function, especially at the
level of the endothelium, is paramount in the prevention or delay of cardiovascular disease …

AMPK (5′-AMP-activated protein kinase) is emerging as a metabolic master switch, by
which cells in both mammals and lower organisms sense and decode changes in energy …

Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem, affecting∼ 5% of the population. The
chronic complications of diabetes cause enormous human suffering in the form of blindness …

Introduction Cells that simultaneously secrete and sense the same signaling molecule are
ubiquitous. Bacteria sense a quorum by secreting and sensing an autoinducer; T cells …

The appropriate function of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells is crucial for the regulation
of glucose homeostasis, and its impairment leads to diabetes mellitus, the most common …

In β cells, stimulation by metabolic, hormonal, neuronal, and pharmacological factors is
coupled to secretion of insulin through different intracellular signaling pathways. Our …

Insulin signaling is mediated by a complex network of diverging and converging pathways,
with alternative proteins and isoforms at almost every step in the process. We show here that …