The 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5-Δ4 isomerase (3β-HSD) isoenzymes are
responsible for the oxidation and isomerization of Δ5-3β-hydroxysteroid precursors into Δ4 …

Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) transports androgens and estrogens in blood and
regulates their access to target tissues. Hepatic production of SHBG fluctuates throughout …

This article reviews results on diVerentiation, structure, and regulation of Leydig cells in the
testes of rodents and men. Two different populations—fetal and adult Leydig cells—can be …

Five main cell types are present in the Leydig cell lineage, namely the mesenchymal
precursor cells, progenitor cells, newly formed adult Leydig cells, immature Leydig cells, and …

BACKGROUND Leydig cells (LC) are the sites of testicular androgen production.
Development of LC occurs in the testes of most mammalian species as two distinct growth …

Testicular descent as a prerequisite for the production of mature spermatozoa and normal
external genitalia morphogenesis, and therefore facilitating copulation and internal …

In the human fetal testis, germ cells that have migrated to the genital ridges become
enclosed within testicular cords by 8 wk of gestation. Most papers refer to all types of germ …

Practical applications of spermatogonial transplantation require good rates of colonization
by the donor cells. Recipient testes are usually depleted of competing endogenous …

The final step in the biosynthesis of testosterone is reduction of androstenedione by the
enzyme 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/17-ketosteroid reductase (17βHSD/17KSR). In …

Abstract Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a plasticizer with endocrine disrupting
properties that is found ubiquitously in the environment as well as in human amniotic fluid …