The decline of the immune system appears to be an intractable consequence of aging,
leading to increased susceptibility to infections, reduced effectiveness of vaccination and …

Experimental models of atherogenesis have provided a growing body of information about
molecular mechanisms of plaque growth; however, transition from coronary stability to …

Although advances in preventive medicine have greatly improved prognosis, cardiovascular
disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. This clearly indicates that …

Beyond midlife, the immune system shows aging features and its defensive capability
becomes impaired, by a process known as immunosenescence that involves many changes …

Immunosenescence and exhaustion are involved in the development and progression of
type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic liver diseases, including fatty liver, fibrosis, and …

Chronic inflammation is a driving force for the development of metabolic disease including
diabetes and obesity. However, the functional characteristics of T-cell senescence in the …

Immune aging is associated with loss of critical immune functions, such as host protection
from infection and malignancy. Unexpectedly, immunosenescence also renders the host …

Background Immune cells that infiltrate lesions are important for atherosclerosis progression
and immunotherapies. This study was aimed at gaining important new insights into the …

Owing to the advent of antiretroviral (ART) drugs, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has
become a controllable infection, but pernicious health outcomes due to the infection are …

CD4+ CD28− T cells are a unique type of proinflammatory T cells characterised by blockade
of costimulatory CD28 receptor expression at the transcriptional level, which is still …