With the success of the GATT/WTO in reducing conventional tariff barriers, much of the
recent focus of both regional and multilateral trade agreements has switched to nontariff …

This chapter surveys empirically the broad features of trade policy in goods for 31 major
economies that collectively represented 83% of the world's population and 91% of the …

The European Union protects over 1,000 Geographical Indications for distinctive regional
foods such as Parma ham and Feta cheese. This paper tests whether external protection of …

Combining for the first time a new dataset of non-tariff measures (NTMs) in 65 countries with
the CEPII's unit values database, we estimate average ad-valorem equivalents (AVEs) for …

In an attempt to disentangle the impact of sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures on
trade patterns, we use the database on specific trade concerns on SPS measures of the …

Can the enforcement of product standards be protectionism in disguise? This paper
estimates the costs of non-compliance with US product standards, using a new database on …

This paper assesses how cross-country differences in public mandatory food standards
affect trade, prices and product quality upgrading in the agri-food sector. We estimate …

Abstract Stringent Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) are expected to drive exporters out of
the markets imposing these hurdles. In addition, more able multi-destination exporters can …

Using a new detailed dataset on country‐product information on European Union (EU)
Geographical Indications (GIs), we study the impact of this food quality policy on trade …

This work studies the relationship between trade policy and food prices. We show that when
individuals are loss averse, governments may use trade policy to shield the domestic …