Land surface models (LSMs) are a vital tool for understanding, projecting, and predicting the
dynamics of the land surface and its role within the Earth system, under global change …

Canopy gaps and the processes that generate them play an integral role in shaping the
structure and dynamics of forests. However, it is only with recent advances in remote …

Aim Tropical forests account for a quarter of the global carbon storage and a third of the
terrestrial productivity. Few studies have teased apart the relative importance of …

Indirect climate effects on tree fecundity that come through variation in size and growth
(climate-condition interactions) are not currently part of models used to predict future forests …

Deep‐water access is arguably the most effective, but under‐studied, mechanism that plants
employ to survive during drought. Vulnerability to embolism and hydraulic safety margins …

There are many sources of uncertainty in scenarios and models of socio-ecological systems,
and understanding these uncertainties is critical in supporting informed decision-making …

Earth system models (ESMs) have been developed to represent the role of terrestrial
ecosystems on the energy, water, and carbon cycles. However, many ESMs still lack …

Selective logging, fragmentation, and understory fires directly degrade forest structure and
composition. However, studies addressing the effects of forest degradation on carbon, water …

Understanding the processes that shape forest functioning, structure, and diversity remains
challenging, although data on forest systems are being collected at a rapid pace and across …

Human activities modify the disturbance regimes of tropical forests. Since tropical forests
host high biological diversity, understanding the role of biodiversity in ecosystem recovery …