Context Organic farming is a fast-growing system considered a holistic approach that
benefits the environment. However, previous studies have reported varying results on its …

Agriculture has traditionally been linked to the growth of vital food crops, and the existence
of any economy is dependent on it. Agriculture is facing several difficulties as a result of …

Ecuador is the third largest cacao exporter in the world. Up to 10% of Ecuador's cacao
production is grown in the Amazon region, mostly under conventional (CA) and organic (OA) …

Organic orchard management has been widely adopted to enhance soil fertility by improving
the sequestration of soil organic carbon (SOC). Microbial residue carbon plays an essential …

Organic agriculture and agroforestry are two agroecological approaches that have been
proposed to address the many negative externalities of intensive agriculture. However, their …

Reductions in sequencing costs have enabled widespread use of shotgun metagenomics
and amplicon sequencing, which have drastically improved our understanding of the …

Cacao agroforestry systems can offer important benefits, such as greenhouse gas mitigation,
microclimate regulation and improved soil health. The selection of tree species for cacao …

Agroforestry has the potential to support more resilient livelihoods, soil health, and
biodiversity, when compared to monocropping. In Ecuador, the Union of Cacao Peasant …

Summary “Anthropocene epoch” is an unofficial unit of geological time which resulted due to
insignificant effects of human activities on the climate and ecosystems. The term alone is not …

Cacao can be cultivated either as a monoculture or within diverse agroforestry systems,
which differ, among others, in the choice of shade tree species, tree density, and whether …