A huge amount of research attention has focused on the evolution of life histories, but most
research focuses on dominant individuals that acquire a disproportionate level of …

Sibling rivalry is commonplace within animal families, yet offspring can also work together to
promote each other's fitness. Here we show that the extent of parental care can determine …

Mounting evidence suggests that nongenetic paternal effects on offspring may be
widespread among animal taxa, but the mechanisms underlying this form of nongenetic …

Darwin clearly described certain anomalous phenomena, including what he referred to as
“the direct action of the male element on the female form” and what we now call xenia and …

Phenotypic plasticity enables animals to adjust their behavior flexibly to their social
environment—sometimes through the expression of adaptive traits that have not been …

There is increasing evidence to show that the environment experienced by fathers can have
intergenerational paternal effects on the phenotype of offspring. Paternal effects can be …

Through the effort required to construct them, the microenvironmental conditions they
impose on the family and their indirect influence on posthatching care, nests play a key role …

Several recent hypotheses suggest that parental care can influence the extent of phenotypic
variation within populations; however, there have been few tests of these ideas. We …

Early-life conditions have been shown to have a profound effect on an animal's body size
and fecundity across diverse taxa. However, less is known about how early-life effects on …

Sexual dimorphism in life history traits and their trade-offs is widespread among sexually
reproducing animals and is strongly influenced by the differences in reproductive strategies …