The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) genome encodes a total of three structural
proteins, two envelope proteins, three enzymes, and six accessory proteins. Studies over the …

Members of the APOBEC family of cellular cytidine deaminases represent a recently
identified group of proteins that provide immunity to infection by retroviruses and protect the …

The HIV-1 accessory protein Vif (virion infectivity factor) is required for the production of
infectious virions by CD4+ lymphocytes. Vif facilitates particle infectivity by blocking the …

The viral infectivity factor (Vif) encoded by HIV-1 neutralizes a potent antiviral pathway that
occurs in human T lymphocytes and several leukemic T-cell lines termed nonpermissive, but …

Virions of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and other lentiviruses contain
conical cores consisting of a protein shell composed of the viral capsid protein (CA) …

HIV-1 deleted for the vif accessory gene encapsidates the cellular cytidine deaminase
APOBEC3G. Upon infection, the encapsidated APOBEC3G induces G→ A mutations in the …

Viruses must overcome diverse intracellular defense mechanisms to establish infection. The
Vif (virion infectivity factor) protein of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) acts by …

Human immunodeficiency virus type–1 (HIV-1) manipulates fundamental host cell
processes in sophisticated ways to achieve optimum replicative efficiency. Recent studies …

The HIV‐1 Vif protein suppresses the inhibition of viral replication caused by the human
antiretroviral factor APOBEC3G. As a result, HIV‐1 mutants that do not express the Vif …

Abstract APOBEC3G (A3G), a host protein that inhibits HIV-1 reverse transcription and
replication in the absence of Vif, displays cytidine deaminase and single-stranded (ss) …