The human microbiota has a fundamental role in host physiology and pathology. Gut
microbial alteration, also known as dysbiosis, is a condition associated not only with …

Developmental periods such as gestation and adolescence have enhanced plasticity
leaving the brain vulnerable to harmful effects from nicotine use. Proper brain maturation …

Not all neural network architectures are created equal, some perform much better than
others for certain tasks. But how important are the weight parameters of a neural network …

Many reinforcement learning environments (eg Minecraft) provide only sparse rewards that
indicate task completion or failure with binary values. The challenge in exploration efficiency …

Brain circuits undergo substantial structural changes during development, driven by the
formation, stabilization, and elimination of synapses. Synaptic connections continue to …

Over the past decades, microbiome research has evolved rapidly and became a hot topic in
basic, preclinical and clinical research, for the pharmaceutical industry and for the general …

Moral learning and decision-making are crucial throughout our lives, from infancy to old age.
Emerging evidence suggests that there are important differences in learning and deciding in …

Neurological disorders have emerged as a predominant healthcare concern in recent years
due to their severe consequences on quality of life and prevalence throughout the world …

Milk fat is encased in a polar lipid-containing tri-layer milk fat globule membrane (MFGM),
composed of phospholipids (PLs) and sphingolipids (SLs). Milk PLs and SLs comprise …

There are extensive controversies about:(1) whether any gender differences in math exist,(2)
what factors might contribute to any gender differences, and (3) whether gender differences …