Current technologies have changed biology into a data-intensive field and significantly
increased our understanding of signal transduction pathways in plants. However, global …

During the past few years, considerable progress has been made in understanding how
plants protect themselves against oxidative stress. Genes encoding plant antioxidant …

Mutations in the Arabidopsis ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3 (EIN3) gene severely limit a plant's
response to the gaseous hormone ethylene. ein3 mutants show a loss of ethylene-mediated …

Arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs) are a family of extensively glycosylated hydroxyproline-
rich glycoproteins that are thought to have important roles in various aspects of plant growth …

Programmed cell death (PCD) is a physiological cell death process involved in the selective
elimination of unwanted cells (Ellis et al., 1991). In animals, these unwanted cells include …

Senescence in plants is usually viewed as an internally programmed degeneration leading
to death. It is a developmental process that occurs in many different tissues and serves …

For plants to develop properly and survive, programmed cell death is an important response
strategy to various internal and external cues. Morphologically, a key difference between …

We have isolated a codominant Arabidopsis mutant, r adical-induced c ell d eath1 (rcd1), in
which ozone (O3) and extracellular superoxide (O2•–), but not hydrogen peroxide, induce …

Many environmental conditions subject plants to oxidative stress, in which reactive oxygen
species (ROS) are overproduced. These ROS act as transduction signals in plant defense …

Nitric oxide (NO) is a bioactive molecule that exerts a number of diverse activities in
phylogenetically distant species, as well as opposing effects in related biological systems. It …