Tremendous progress has been made in our understanding of the ultimate and proximate
mechanisms underlying social behavior, yet an integrative evolutionary analysis of its …

The conundrum of why subordinate individuals assist dominants at the expense of their own
direct reproduction has received much theoretical and empirical attention over the last 50 …

In spite of recent interest in sexual selection in females, debate exists over whether traits that
influence female–female competition are sexually selected. This review uses female–female …

In many vertebrates, reproduction is regulated by social interactions in which dominant
males control access to females and food. Subordinate males that displace dominant …

Position in a dominance hierarchy profoundly impacts group members' survival, health, and
reproductive success. Thus, understanding the mechanisms that regulate or are associated …

Hormones and receptors coevolve to generate species diversity in hormone action. We
compared the structure and function of androgen receptors (ARs) across fishes, with a focus …

Testosterone is a key hormone for the development of secondary sexual characters and
dimorphisms in behavior and morphology of male vertebrates. Because females often …

The molecular mechanisms underlying complex social behaviours such as dominance are
largely unknown. Studying the cooperatively breeding African cichlid Neolamprologus …

Female–female aggression often functions in competition over reproductive or social
benefits, but the proximate mechanisms of this apparently adaptive behaviour are not well …

In most vertebrates, aggression and dominance are tightly linked to circulating testosterone.
Fish, however, have two androgens (testosterone, T and 11-ketotestosterone, 11KT) that …