The number of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is mainly characterized
by insulin resistance and insulin secretion deficiency, has been soaring in recent years …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become a leading cause of mortality and morbidity
globally, making it an urgent concern. Although some studies have been performed on CVD …

Systemic glucose metabolism and insulin activity oscillate in response to diurnal rhythms
and nutrient availability with the necessary involvement of adipose tissue to maintain …

Abstract Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) has a major regulatory role in
cardiovascular disease. However, inhibiting PARP1 activity does not significantly improve …

Atherosclerosis, a chief pathogenic factor of cardiovascular disease, is associated with many
factors including inflammation, dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress. Peroxisome proliferator …

Nuclear receptors are ligand-regulated transcription factors that regulate vast cellular
activities and serve as an important class of drug targets. Among them, peroxisome …

Endothelium, acting as a barrier, protects tissues against factors that provoke insulin
resistance and type 2 diabetes and itself responds to the insult of insulin resistance inducers …

The formation of atherosclerotic plaques is one of the main sources of cardiovascular
disease. In addition to known risk factors such as dyslipidemia, diabetes, obesity, and …

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) belongs to the superfamily of nuclear
receptors that control the transcription of multiple genes. Although it is found in many cells …

Aging and obesity are the two prominent driving forces of metabolic dysfunction, yet the
common underlying mechanisms remain elusive. PPARγ, a central metabolic regulator and …