Long known as terminal degradation stations, lysosomes have emerged as sophisticated
signalling centres that govern cell growth, division and differentiation. Lysosomes interface …

Background Since the introduction of what became today's standard for cryo-embedding of
biological macromolecules at native conditions more than 30 years ago, techniques and …

Lysosome dysfunction arises early and propels Alzheimer's disease (AD). Herein, we show
that amyloid precursor protein (APP), linked to early-onset AD in Down syndrome (DS), acts …

Single-particle electron cryomicroscopy (cryo-EM) is a powerful method for determining the
structures of biological macromolecules. With automated microscopes, cryo-EM data can …

Macromolecular function frequently requires that proteins change conformation into high-
energy states,,–. However, methods for solving the structures of these functionally essential …

Tuberculosis—the world's leading cause of death by infectious disease—is increasingly
resistant to current first-line antibiotics. The bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (which …

The lysosome has long been viewed as the recycling center of the cell. However, recent
discoveries have challenged this simple view and have established a central role of the …

Abstract Knowledge of the three-dimensional structures of proteins and other biological
macromolecules often aids understanding of how they perform complicated tasks in the cell …

Pharmacological inhibition of vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) by its specific inhibitor
can abrogate tumor metastasis, prevent autophagy, and reduce cellular signaling …

The protonation state of soluble and membrane-associated macromolecules dictates their
charge, conformation, and functional activity. In addition, protons (H+ or their equivalents) …