BACKGROUND Numerous studies have reported declines in semen quality and other
markers of male reproductive health. Our previous meta-analysis reported a significant …

BACKGROUND Reported declines in sperm counts remain controversial today and recent
trends are unknown. A definitive meta-analysis is critical given the predictive value of sperm …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been extensively studied as a cause of male infertility.
Excessive levels of ROS coupled with a deficiency in antioxidants can lead to oxidative …

A state of oxidative stress (OS) and the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the
male reproductive tract are strongly correlated with infertility. While physiological levels of …

BACKGROUND It has long been thought that the factors affecting embryo and foetal
development were exclusively maternally derived; hence, if issues regarding fertility and …

BACKGROUND The best-known role of spermatozoa is to fertilize the oocyte and to transmit
the paternal genome to offspring. These highly specialized cells have a unique structure …

Mitochondria of spermatozoa are different from the corresponding organelles of somatic
cells, in both their morphology and biochemistry. The biochemical differences are essentially …

Background The assisted reproductive techniques aimed to assist infertile couples have
their own offspring carry significant risks of passing on molecular defects to next …

Asthenozoospermia (AZS), defined by reduced motility or absent sperm motility, is one of the
main causes of male infertility. This condition may be divided into isolated AZS in the …

Mitochondria is a powerhouse organelle involved in ATP synthesis, calcium signaling,
reactive oxygen species (ROS) by oxidative stress production, cell cycle arrest via apoptosis …