Cancer immunotherapy and vaccine development have significantly improved the fight
against cancers. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, particularly in the clinical …

Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis. Metabolic abnormalities
are one of the hallmarks of pancreatic cancer, and pancreatic cancer cells can adapt to …

The main challenge for immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy lies in
immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Repolarizing M2‐like tumor …

Distant metastasis remains the primary cause of morbidity in patients with breast cancer.
Hence, the development of more efficacious strategies and the exploration of potential …

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a diverse stromal cell population within the tumour
microenvironment, where they play fundamental roles in cancer progression and patient …

Background Over the last two decades, tumor-derived RNA expression signatures have
been developed for the two most commonly diagnosed tumors worldwide, namely prostate …

Exosomes, small yet vital extracellular vesicles, play an integral role in intercellular
communication. They transport critical components, such as proteins, lipid bilayers, DNA …

As the global incidence of breast cancer continues to surge, the pursuit of novel, low-toxicity,
and highly efficacious therapeutic strategies has emerged as a pivotal research focus …

Immunotherapy has limited response rates in colorectal cancer (CRC) due to an
immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Combining transcriptome sequencing …

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical for drug resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). The
abundant collagen within the ECM significantly influences tumor progression and matrix …