A new scientific frontier opened in 2009 with the start of operations of the world's first x-ray
free-electron laser (FEL), the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), at SLAC National …

The past two decades have seen rapid developments in short-pulse X-ray sources, which
have enabled the study of nuclear and electronic dynamics by ultrafast X-ray spectroscopies …

X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) and table-top sources of x-rays based upon high
harmonic generation (HHG) have revolutionized the field of ultrafast x-ray atomic and …

Free-electron lasers produce extremely brief, coherent, and bright laser-like photon pulses
that allow to image matter at atomic resolution and at timescales faster than the …

This review is focused on free-electron lasers (FELs) in the hard to soft x-ray regime. The
aim is to provide newcomers to the area with insights into: the basic physics of FELs, the …

X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) produce femtosecond x-ray pulses with unprecedented
intensities that are uniquely suited for studying many phenomena in atomic, molecular, and …

The ability to observe ultrafast structural changes in nanoscopic samples is essential for
understanding non-equilibrium phenomena such as chemical reactions, matter under …

The plasma dynamics of single mesoscopic Xe particles irradiated with intense femtosecond
x-ray pulses exceeding 10 16 W/cm 2 from the Linac Coherent Light Source free-electron …

The diversity of nanoparticle shapes generated by condensation from gaseous matter
reflects the fundamental competition between thermodynamic equilibration and the …

Coherent diffractive imaging of individual free nanoparticles has opened routes for the in situ
analysis of their transient structural, optical, and electronic properties. So far, single-shot …