Addiction is commonly identified with habitual nonmedical self-administration of drugs. It is
usually defined by characteristics of intoxication or by characteristics of withdrawal …

To discover effective drugs for COVID-19 treatment amongst already clinically approved
drugs, we developed a high throughput screening assay for SARS-CoV-2 virus entry …

Dopamine is a known catecholamine neurotransmitter involved in several physiological
processes, including motor control, motivation, reward, cognition, and immune function …

The abuse of 'bath salts' has raised concerns because of their adverse effects, which include
delirium, violent behavior, and suicide ideation in severe cases. The bath salt constituent 3 …

Conditioned place preference (CPP) is established by pairing a context conditioned stimulus
with an abused drug. With repeated context-drug pairings, the context alone acquires …

In addition to its initial rewarding effects, cocaine has been shown to produce profound
negative/anxiogenic actions. Recent work on the anxiogenic effects of cocaine has …

Background: The reinforcing properties of nicotine play a critical role in smoking and vaping.
There is a need for treatments that decrease the reinforcing properties of nicotine and …

The striatal complex critically integrates a variety of inputs to regulate the motivation to
perform, and the performance of, discrete action sequences executed under goal-directed …

Fructose accounts for 10% of daily calories in the American diet; yet, the neuronal circuits
influencing fructose overconsumption remain understudied. Sucrose is a disaccharide of …