This Review explores the dynamic behavior of water within nanopores and biological
channels in lipid bilayer membranes. We focus on molecular simulation studies, alongside …

A handful of biological proton-selective ion channels exist. Some open at positive or
negative membrane potentials, others open at low or high pH, and some are light activated …

The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has cost millions of lives and tremendous
social/financial loss. The virus continues to evolve and mutate. In particular, the recently …

The COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 has spread globally and caused tremendous loss of
lives and properties, and it is of utmost urgency to understand its propagation process and to …

A major goal in the design of synthetic molecular machines is the creation of pumps that can
use the input of energy to transport material from a reservoir at low chemical potential to a …

The dysfunction and defects of ion channels are associated with many human diseases,
especially for loss-of-function mutations in ion channels such as cystic fibrosis …

The voltage-gated proton channel Hv1 is a newly discovered ion channel that is highly
conserved among species. It is known that Hv1 is not only expressed in peripheral immune …

The voltage-gated Hv1 proton channel is a ubiquitous membrane protein that has roles in a
variety of cellular processes, including proton extrusion, pH regulation, production of …

Proton relays through H-bond networks are essential in realizing the functionality of protein
machines such as in photosynthesis and photoreceptors. It has been challenging to dissect …

Here, we report the identification and characterization of the first proton channels from fungi.
The fungal proteins are related to animal voltage-gated Hv channels and are conserved in …