This Element was written to meet the theoretical and methodological challenge raised by the
third science revolution and its implications for how to study and interpret European …

Lactase persistence (LP), the continued expression of lactase into adulthood, is the most
strongly selected single gene trait over the last 10,000 years in multiple human populations …

Broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is not one of the founder crops domesticated in
Southwest Asia in the early Holocene, but was domesticated in northeast China by 6000 bc …

North American archaeologists must reconsider their implicit adherence to the culture history
paradigm. The long-standing role of this approach to situate archaeological remains in …

We present results of the largest multidisciplinary human mobility investigation to date of
skeletal remains from present-day Denmark encompassing the 3rd and 2nd millennia BC …

Growing reliance on animal and plant domestication in the Near East and beyond during the
Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB)(the ninth to eighth millennium BC) has often been …

Given their strong affinity for the skeleton, trace elements are often stored in bones and teeth
long term. Diet, geography, health, disease, social status, activity, and occupation are some …

Horses have had a singular impact on human societies. Beyond increasing interconnectivity
and revolutionizing warfare, reconfigurations of human-horse relationships coincide with …

The barrow cemetery at Heath Wood, Derbyshire, is the only known Viking cremation
cemetery in the British Isles. It dates to the late ninth century and is associated with the over …

Tin is an essential raw material both for the copper–tin alloys developed during the Early
Bronze Age and for the casting of tableware in the Medieval period. Secondary geological …