Campaign costs have risen in Africa. I ask: what has driven this cost inflation? Studies of
Western parties attribute it to campaign modernization as mediatization. Studies of African …

Prior research determines whether politicians at rallies make programmatic, clientelist or
personalist appeals. We argue that this reductive approach obscures the variety of meaning …

The conventional view of Africa's political parties holds that they are organizationally weak,
with little presence at the grass roots. Yet, few studies are based on systematically collected …

As in other African countries, activists in Uganda play an important role during political
campaigns. Monetary handouts, called 'transport refund', often facilitate their participation …

Campaign rallies serve as arenas of political communication where candidates present their
campaign messages face-to-face in order to gain votes. This article suggests that rallies are …

Scholars and policymakers widely view identity as a key driver of African citizens' political
engagement. In doing so, however, they have emphasized ethnicity and largely sidelined …

Extractive resource governance is a contested terrain all across the world because of the
high value ascribed to the extractive resources and the conflicting interests that surround …

Tanzania received significant global attention for its COVID-19 response during the first year
of the pandemic. It did not share pandemic statistics, require masks, implement lockdowns …

The re-emergence of competitive elections in Africa has sparked new interest in political
mobilization on the continent. Much of this literature focusses on political actors and the …

Scholars tend to present either face-to-face or mediatised audiences as the principal target
for election campaign rallies. However, a close eye on the staging of, and popular …