The relationship between anatomy and function has long been recognised. Understanding
the gross structure, and the myoarchitecture, of the atriums is fundamental to investigations …

All the myocytes within the heart have the capacity to conduct the cardiac impulse. A
population of myocytes is specialized so as to generate the cardiac impulse and then to …

Objectives This study sought to describe, in detail, the angiographic, gross macroscopy, and
histological dissection of the conduction axis in humans. Background The recent upsurge of …

Recent developments in cardiac pacing and trans-coronary vein ablations have
demonstrated the increasing value of imaging of the cardiac venous system (CVS) …

Background: Although linear ablation of the right atrial isthmus in patients with isthmus‐
dependent atrial flutter can be highly successful, recurrences and complications occur in …

Background—Cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) characteristics are rarely documented when
comparing catheters in radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of atrial flutter (AFL). Our objectives …

Background—Gaining anatomic information about the posterior isthmus is not generally part
of flutter ablation procedures. We postulated that right atrial (RA) angiography could …

The cause of right-to-left atrial shunting despite normal intracardiac pressures and normal or
near-normal pulmonary function through a patent foramen ovale has still not been …

Extensive knowledge of the anatomy of the atrioventricular conduction axis, and its
branches, is key to the success of permanent physiological pacing, either by capturing the …

Background Radiofrequency (RF) ablation of cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) dependent flutter
can be performed using different types of ablation catheters. It has been proposed that …