Semantic-based segmentation (Semseg) methods play an essential part in medical imaging
analysis to improve the diagnostic process. In Semseg technique, every pixel of an image is …

As the only blood vessels that can directly be seen in the whole body, pathological changes
in retinal vessels are related to the metabolic state of the whole body and many systems …

Glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic hypertension (DHR), Cataract, and age-related
macular degeneration are some of the most common and important retinal diseases. A …

Hypertensive Retinopathy (HR) is a retinal disease caused by elevated blood pressure for a
prolonged period. There are no obvious signs in the early stages of high blood pressure, but …

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative tool in the field of ophthalmology,
revolutionizing disease diagnosis and management. This paper provides a comprehensive …

Hypertensive retinopathy (HR) is a serious eye disease that causes the retinal arteries to
change. This change is mainly due to the fact of high blood pressure. Cotton wool patches …

Hypertensive retinopathy (HR) is a retinal disorder, linked to high blood pressure. The
incidence of HR-eye illness is directly related to the severity and duration of hypertension. It …

Hypertension is a severe public health issue worldwide that significantly increases the risk of
cardiac vascular disease, stroke, brain hemorrhage, and renal dysfunction. Early screening …

The eye is one of the most important organs of the human body. Eye diseases are closely
related to other systemic diseases, both of which influence each other. Numerous systemic …

Tuberculosis (TB) detection and classification on chest X-ray (CXR) images remains the
most significant task in medical diagnosis. TB is a contagious disorder that affects the …