The study of immunoglobulin genes in non-mouse and non-human models has shown that
different vertebrate groups have evolved distinct methods of generating antibody diversity …

The antibodies produced initially in response to most antigens are high molecular weight
(MW) immunoglobulins (IgM) with low affinity for the antigen, while the antibodies produced …

Background Receptor-mediated transcytosis is one of the major routes for drug delivery of
large molecules into the brain. The aim of this study was to develop a novel model of the …

We have assembled a nonredundant set of 144 protein–protein complexes that have high‐
resolution structures available for both the complexes and their unbound components, and …

Viruses elicit a diverse spectrum of antiviral antibody responses. In this review, we discuss
two widely used experimental model systems for viral infections—non-cytopathic …

Memory is a hallmark of immunity. Memory carried by antibodies is largely responsible for
protection against reinfection with most known acutely lethal infectious agents and is the …

The novel immunoglobulin isotype novel antigen receptor (IgNAR) is found in cartilaginous
fish and is composed of a heavy-chain homodimer that does not associate with light chains …

The evolutionary benefits of immunological memory are important: whereas antibodies can
be transmitted to offspring by their mother and thereby benefit the species, T cell memory …

The KDEL receptor is a Golgi/intermediate compartment-located integral membrane protein
that carries out the retrieval of escaped ER proteins bearing a C-terminal KDEL sequence …

Due to technical limitations, little knowledge exists on the composition of Ag-specific
polyclonal Ab responses. Hence, we here present a molecular analysis of two …