Blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a natural protective membrane that prevents central nervous
system (CNS) from toxins and pathogens in blood. However, the presence of BBB …

Epithelial tight junctions define the paracellular permeability of the intestinal barrier.
Molecules can cross the tight junctions via two distinct size-selective and charge-selective …

Tight junctions (TJs) are intercellular junctions critical for building the epithelial barrier and
maintaining epithelial polarity. The claudin family of membrane proteins play central roles in …

The human gastrointestinal tract (GI) harbors a diverse population of microbial life that
continually shapes host pathophysiological responses. Despite readily available abundant …

Tight junctions (TJs) play an important role in intestinal barrier function. TJs in intestinal
epithelial cells are composed of different junctional molecules, such as claudin and …

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a dynamic structure that functions as a gatekeeper,
reflecting the unique requirements of the brain. In this review, following a brief historical …

Improved hygiene leading to reduced exposure to microorganisms has been implicated as
one possible cause for the recent “epidemic” of chronic inflammatory diseases (CIDs) in …

The adult quiescent blood–brain barrier (BBB), a structure organised by endothelial cells
through interactions with pericytes, astrocytes, neurons and microglia in the neurovascular …

Cellular Phenotype and Apoptosis: The function of epithelial tissues is the protection of the
organism from chemical, microbial, and physical challenges which is indispensable for …

Mucosal surfaces are lined by epithelial cells. In the intestine, the epithelium establishes a
selectively permeable barrier that supports nutrient absorption and waste secretion while …