During tumorigenesis, cancer cells are exposed to a wide variety of intrinsic and extrinsic
stresses that challenge homeostasis and growth. Cancer cells display activation of distinct …

Ammonia has been reported to be toxic and inhibitory for mammalian cell cultures for many
years. Reduction of growth rates and maximal cell densities in batch cultures, changes in …

ACINAR ORGANIZATION OF NITROGENMETABOLIZING PATHWAYS Different techniques
(for recent reviews see [5, 9, 10]) have been employed to study metabolic zonation in …

The kidneys play a role in the synthesis and interorgan exchange of several amino acids.
The quantitative importance of renal amino acid metabolism in the body is not, however …

With respect to hepatocyte heterogeneity in ammonia and amino acid metabolism, two
different patterns of sublobular gene expression are distinguished:'gradient-type'and 'strict …

The remarkable metabolic differences between cancer cells and normal cells result in the
potential for targeted cancer therapy. The upregulation of glutaminolysis provides energetic …

Mitochondria are emerging as idealized targets for anti-cancer drugs. One reason for this is
that although these organelles are inherent to all cells, drugs are being developed that …

An important issue in toxicity studies is the development of pertinent new in vitro tests that
will be able to provide an alternative to in vivo testing methods. Current developments in the …

In the rat liver acinus urea synthesis and glutaminase activity are predominantly localized in
the periportal area, whereas glutamine synthetase activity and the transport system for …

Humans have developed effective survival mechanisms under conditions of nutrient (and
energy) scarcity. Nevertheless, today, most humans face a quite different situation: excess of …