Macrophages are essential for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis, yet appear to be
drivers of inflammation in the context of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). How these …

The immune system has coevolved with extensive microbial communities living on barrier
sites that are collectively known as the microbiota. It is increasingly clear that microbial …

The gut microbiota changes with age, but it is not clear to what degree these changes are
due to physiologic changes, age-associated inflammation or immunosenescence, diet …

The microbiota plays a fundamental role in the induction, education, and function of the host
immune system. In return, the host immune system has evolved multiple means by which to …

Macrophages are increasingly recognized as essential players in the maintenance of
intestinal homeostasis and as key sentinels of the intestinal immune system. However …

The microbiota plays a fundamental role on the induction, training, and function of the host
immune system. In return, the immune system has largely evolved as a means to maintain …

The spleen is the main filter for blood-borne pathogens and antigens, as well as a key organ
for iron metabolism and erythrocyte homeostasis. Also, immune and hematopoietic functions …

Macrophages are tissue-resident or infiltrated immune cells critical for innate immunity,
normal tissue development, homeostasis, and repair of damaged tissue. Macrophage …

It is thought that monocytes rapidly differentiate to macrophages or dendritic cells (DCs)
upon leaving blood. Here we have shown that Ly-6C+ monocytes constitutively trafficked …

Macrophages, which are functional plasticity cells, have the ability to phagocytize and digest
foreign substances and acquire pro-(M1-like) or anti-inflammatory (M2-like) phenotypes …