Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is a central cytokine in inflammatory reactions, and biologics
that neutralize TNF are among the most successful drugs for the treatment of chronic …

Currently, medications used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are glucocorticoids (GCs) and
nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), predominantly used for controlling the pain …

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF; TNFα) is a critical regulator of immune responses in
healthy organisms and in disease. TNF is involved in the development and proper …

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to wreak havoc on global health-care systems and to
claim an increasing number of lives. Although some treatments have shown promise …

While for a century therapeutics has been dominated by small molecules, ie organic
chemicals of~ 400Da absorbable via the gut, this is no longer the case. There are now a …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease leading to joint destruction.
Cytokines play a key role in its pathogenesis. They contribute to the induction and …

Macrophages and neutrophils are key components involved in the regulation of numerous
chronic inflammatory diseases, infectious disorders, and especially certain autoimmune …

The current outbreak of COVID19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV2), is characterised by clinical signs and symptoms such as …

The human immune system involves highly complex and coordinated processes in which
small proteins named cytokines play a key role. Cytokines have been implicated in the …

TNF was originally described as a circulating factor that can cause necrosis of tumours, but
has since been identified as a key regulator of the inflammatory response. This review …