The principles and characteristics of sixteen forest-soil-atmosphere models, describing the
flows of water, carbon and nutrients in a forest ecosystem were compared. This comparison …

Organic acids such as malate, citrate and oxalate have been hypothesized to be involved in
the long-term podzolization process and also to offer short-term protection to plants and …

We used the Québec forest monitoring network (Réseaud'Étude et de Surveillance des
Écosystèmes Forestiers' or RESEF) along with its atmospheric monitoring stations to assess …

Major nutrients and acidity were studied at six plots in four Integrated Monitoring catchments
in Finland, located along a south–north deposition gradient. The quality and quantity of bulk …

SOIL RESPONSE TO ACID DEPOSITION AT DIFFERENT REGIONAL SCALES Page 1 SOIL
RESPONSE TO ACID DEPOSITION AT DIFFERENT REGIONAL SCALES Field and laboratory …

Three well-known dynamic acidification models (MAGIC, SAFE, SMART) were applied to
data sets from five Integrated Monitoring sites in Europe. The calibrated models were used …

Many process-based models of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles have been developed for
northern forest ecosystems. These models are widely used to evaluate the long-term …

A steady-state mass-balance model was used to calculate critical loads of S and N
deposition for maintaining acceptable long-term acidity levels within upland forests in …

Numerical simulation models of forest ecosystems synthesize a broad array of concepts from
tree physiology, community ecology, hydrology, soil physics, soil chemistry and soil …

Background, aims, and scope Increasing soil acidification is a growing concern in southern
China. The traditional green manures applied in the fields mostly comprise legumes that …