Plastids and mitochondria each arose from a single endosymbiotic event and share many
similarities in how they were reduced and integrated with their host. However, the …

Plastids (chloroplasts) have long been recognized to have originated by endosymbiosis of a
cyanobacterium, but their subsequent evolutionary history has proved complex because …

The discovery of a nonphotosynthetic plastid in malaria and other apicomplexan parasites
has sparked a contentious debate about its evolutionary origin. Molecular data have led to …

A comprehensive understanding of the origin and spread of plastids remains an important
yet elusive goal in the field of eukaryotic evolution. Combined with the discovery of new …

Diatoms and other chromalveolates are among the dominant phytoplankters in the world's
oceans. Endosymbiosis was essential to the success of chromalveolates, and it appears that …

Whole-genome shotgun sequence data from three individual cells isolated from seawater,
followed by analysis of ribosomal DNA, indicated that the cells represented three divergent …

Phototaxis in the broadest sense means positive or negative displacement along a light
gradient or vector. Prokaryotes most often use a biased random walk strategy, employing …

Genes involved in intermediary and secondary metabolism in fungi are frequently physically
linked or clustered. For example, in Aspergillus nidulans the entire pathway for the …

An accurate reconstruction of the eukaryotic tree of life is essential to identify the innovations
underlying the diversity of microbial and macroscopic (eg, plants and animals) eukaryotes …

The establishment of a new plastid organelle by secondary endosymbiosis represents a
series of events of massive complexity, and yet we know it has taken place multiple times …