Malaysia is among the top most important palm oil producers in the world. The country is
experiencing a robust development in new oil palm plantations and palm oil mills. This …

Oil palm industry is the largest contributor of biomass in Malaysia. Oil palm biomass are
constantly generated in large quantities annually with a small fraction being converted into …

Exploration of sustainable alternatives to chemicals derived from petro-based industries is
the current challenge for maintaining the balance between the needs of a changing world …

Biomass liquefaction with organic solvents is a unique thermochemical conversion process
for biomass utilizations. It combines the useful functional groups from both biomass and …

In order to develop an adequate method to separate lignin from bio-ethanol production
residue, solvent extraction was conducted by using benzyl alcohol, dioxane and ethanol …

Utilization of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) fibres in the production of phenolic (PF) resin
is an alternative way to reduce the dependency of petroleum-based phenol. In this study …

The production of lignin from empty fruit bunch (EFB) has been carried out using liquefaction
method with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM] Cl) ionic liquid (IL), in presence of …

A novel type of phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin was prepared by utilizing the liquefaction
products liquefied by phenol under acidic conditions and then reacted with formaldehyde …

This study aimed to produce phenolic formaldehyde (PF) adhesives using the liquefaction
product of bagasse lignin (LPBL) as a partial substitute for petroleum‐based phenol. Lignin …

In this study, enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL) extracted from bio-ethanol production
residue by enzymatic hydrolysis method was utilized as the raw material, which was …