The second-stage of labor is the most stressful part of childbirth process and the proper
maternal position during this period is paramount for women's safe vaginal birth. Midwives …

Background Perineal massage during childbirth has been recommended as an effective
measure to prevent perineal injury. However, the overall effects of perineal massage during …

Hemorrhoids and anal fissures occur in about 40% of pregnant women and women during
postpartum period. Usually they occur during the third trimester of pregnancy and 1–2 days …

Objectives: Identify multiple different perineal lacerations. Identify the risk factors associated
with severe perineal lacerations. Explain the long term complications associated with severe …

OBJECTIVE Between 53% and 79% of women will sustain some degree of perineal
laceration during vaginal delivery. Third-and fourth-degree perineal lacerations are known …

Objectives: Perineal warm packs with an increase in subcutaneous temperature and the
stimulation of cutaneous receptors are advocated in the belief of pain and probably increase …

El impacto y la morbilidad que genera el trauma perineal durante el parto vaginal justifica la
necesidad de encontrar estrategias que lo minimicen. El masaje perineal antenatal (MPA) …

Background Female genital mutilation (FGM) is defined as the partial or complete removal of
the external female genitalia for non-medical reasons. There are some complications related …

Ruptur perineum adalah robeknya organ genital wanita yang biasanya terjadi pada saat
melahirkan. Ruptur perineum disebabkan paritas, jarak kehamilan, umur ibu, berat badan …

Romania is a country with high rates of adolescent births, associating scarce comprehensive
obstetrical management with this specific population. This research aims to assess soft …