Background. Active antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) that occurs during the amnestic
response within the first month posttransplant is a rare but devastating cause of early …

Kidney transplantation (KT) is considered an optimal treatment strategy for end-stage renal
disease. But human leukocyte antigen-sensitized, ABO-incompatible and antibody-mediated …

No tool is available for the early assessment of response to antibody-mediated rejection
(ABMR) therapies in kidney allograft recipients. This study was designed to define a …

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) therapy has already been studied in kidney transplant
recipients (KTRs), and the available data showed that it is safe and well tolerated. The aim of …

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) has been developed for over 40 years. The mechanisms
of action of IVIG are complex and diverse, and there may be multiple mechanisms that …

C4d deposition in peritubular capillaries (PTC) reflects complement activation in antibody-
mediated rejection (ABMR) of kidney allograft. However, its association with allograft …

Proteasome inhibitor bortezomib has been used in the treatment of refractory cases of acute
and chronic antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) in kidney transplant recipients. However, its …

AIM To evaluate the role of a therapeutic regimen with plasma exchange, intravenous
immunoglobulins and rituximab in chronic-active antibody-mediated rejection (cAMR) …

Acute antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) remains an important challenge in the field of
kidney transplantation despite the advances in immunosuppressive strategies, and has …

Background Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is used in kidney diseases as an adjunct
treatment. Little has been described as to its effectiveness in kidney disorders in children …