Glutamate is the most important excitatory neurotransmitter of the mammalian central
nervous system (CNS), playing an important role in memory, synaptic plasticity and neuronal …

Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlus) are a family of G-protein-coupled receptors
activated by the neurotransmitter glutamate. Molecular cloning has revealed eight different …

Traditional pharmacological treatments for depression have a delayed therapeutic onset,
ranging from several weeks to months, and there is a high percentage of individuals who …

Elevated levels of extracellular glutamate ([Glu] o) cause uncontrolled Ca2+ increases in
most neurons and are believed to mediate excitotoxic brain injury following stroke and other …

The prevailing view of the astrocytic response to injury is that reactive astrocytes impede the
regenerative process by forming scar tissue. As the levels of many cytokines dramatically …

We examined the regulation of glutamate transporter protein expression after stimulation
with selective metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) agonists in cultured human glial …

Reactive gliosis is a prominent morphological feature of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.
Because astrocytes express glutamate receptors, we examined changes in metabotropic …

Lipids represent the most abundant molecular type in the brain, with a fat content of∼ 60%
of the dry brain weight in humans. Despite this fact, little attention has been paid to …

The medium collected from cultured astrocytes transiently exposed to the group-II
metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor agonists (2S, 1′ R, 2′ R, 3′ R)-2-(2, 3 …

Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by excitotoxicity and neuroinflammation that
finally lead to slow neuronal degeneration and death. Although neurons are the principal …