Background There is growing evidence that substituting animal-based with plant-based
foods is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), type 2 diabetes …

Specific types of dairy products may be differentially associated with atherosclerotic
cardiovascular disease (CVD). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of …

Background Four models are commonly used to adjust for energy intake when estimating
the causal effect of a dietary component on an outcome: 1) the “standard model” adjusts for …

Objective To comprehensively examine the associations between changes in carbohydrate
intake and weight change at four year intervals. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting …

Despite the accumulating evidence that increased consumption of ultra-processed food has
adverse health implications, it remains difficult to decide what constitutes processed food …

Background Estimating relative causal effects (ie,“substitution effects”) is a common aim of
nutritional research. In observational data, this is usually attempted using 1 of 2 statistical …

Objectives We aimed to systematically review studies and evaluate the strength of the
evidence on nuts/seeds consumption and cardiometabolic diseases and their risk factors …

Scope Evidence suggests a positive association between ultra‐processed food (UPF)
consumption and the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The study aims to …

Background Following progressive aging of the population worldwide, the prevalence of
Parkinson disease is expected to increase in the next decades. Primary prevention of the …

Aims Trials demonstrate that following the DASH diet lowers blood pressure, which may
prevent the development of heart failure (HF). We investigated the association between long …