Importance Evidence suggests that maternal obesity increases the risk of fetal death,
stillbirth, and infant death; however, the optimal body mass index (BMI) for prevention is not …

In the accompanying comment letter (1), Weinert summarizes published data from the
Brazilian Gestational Diabetes Study (2) and comments on applying International …

Abnormal fetal growth, both growth restriction and overgrowth, is associated with perinatal
complications and an increased risk of metabolic and cardiovascular disease later in life …

In the 1980s, David Barker and Colleagues proposed that the major causes of
cardiovascular and metabolic diseases have their roots in early development. There is now …

Background Fetal macrosomia is defined as birth weight≥ 4000 g. Several risk factors have
been shown to be associated with fetal macrosomia. There has been an increased …

OBJECTIVES: Rates of high birth weight infants, overweight and obese children and adults
are increasing. The associations between birth weight and adult weight may have …

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to examine the association between birthweight
of 4000 g or greater and perinatal outcomes in women with and without gestational diabetes …

In the epidemiologic context of maternal obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D), the incidence of
gestational diabetes has significantly increased in the last decades. Infants of diabetic …

The term 'obstetrical dilemma'was coined by Washburn in 1960 to describe the trade‐off
between selection for a larger birth canal, permitting successful passage of a big‐brained …

Large for gestational age (LGA) birth weight is associated with an increased risk for perinatal
morbidity and long-term metabolic complications. This review summarizes the impact of LGA …