This review focuses on neuropeptides and peptide hormones, the largest and most diverse
class of neuroactive substances, known in Drosophila and other animals to play roles in …

The entomology literature has historically suggested insects cannot feel pain, leading to
their exclusion from ethical debates and animal welfare legislation. However, there may be …

Neuropeptides and peptide hormones are ancient, widespread signaling molecules that
underpin almost all brain functions. They constitute a broad ligand-receptor network, mainly …

In nervous systems, there are two main modes of transmission for the propagation of activity
between cells. Synaptic transmission relies on close contact at chemical or electrical …

Neuropeptides are a diverse class of signaling molecules in metazoans. They occur in all
animals with a nervous system and also in neuron-less placozoans. However, their origin …

Understanding how neuronal activity patterns in the brain correlate with complex behavior is
one of the primary goals of modern neuroscience. Chemical transmission is the major way of …

Increasing evidence accumulated during the past two decades has demonstrated that the
then-novel kisspeptin, which was discovered in 2001, the known neuropeptides neurokinin …

Microbes colonise all multicellular life, and the gut microbiome has been shown to influence
a range of host physiological and behavioural phenotypes. One of the most intriguing and …

Neuropeptides comprise the most diverse category of neurochemicals in the brain, playing
critical roles in a wide range of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Monitoring …

Seeking new insights into the homeostasis, modulation and plasticity of cortical synaptic
networks, we have analyzed results from a single-cell RNA-seq study of 22,439 mouse …