Estradiol is the “prototypic” sex hormone of women. Yet, women have another sex hormone,
which is often disregarded: Progesterone. The goal of this article is to provide a …

ABSTRACT I describe an integrative social‐evolutionary model for the adaptive significance
of the human oxytocinergic system. The model is based on a role for this hormone in the …

The Parental Brain: Mechanisms, Development, and Evolution presents a comprehensive
analysis of how the brain regulates parental behavior in nonhuman animals and in humans …

Attachment refers to a psychobiological principle that is deeply rooted in evolutionary
development; it is thought to contribute a major advantage in the survival of the social group …

Maternal interactions with young occupy most of the reproductive period for female
mammals and are absolutely essential for offspring survival and development. The …

Women have a lifetime risk of major depression double that of men but only during their
reproductive years. This sex difference has been attributed partially to activational effects of …

This article is part of a Special Issue “Parental Care”. Becoming a parent is arguably the
most profound transforming experience in life. It is also inherently very emotionally and …

The fetal phase of life has long been recognized as a sensitive period of development. Here
we posit that pregnancy represents a simultaneous sensitive period for the adult female with …

This selective review first describes the involvement of the maternal hypothalamic-pituitary-
adrenal (HPA) axis during pregnancy and the postpartum period, and the relation between …

Exposures to various types of early life stress can be robust predictors of the development of
psychiatric disorders, including depression and anxiety. The objective of the current study …