The relationship between genotype (which is inherited) and phenotype (the target of
selection) is mediated by environmental inputs on gene expression, trait development, and …

The world in color presents a dazzling dimension of phenotypic variation. Biological interest
in this variation has burgeoned, due to both increased means for quantifying spectral …

This book celebrates the guppy's unique contribution to evolutionary ecology. Ever since
Caryl Haskins described guppy populations as a'natural experiment'because of the way …

Interactions between natural selection and environmental change are well recognized and
sit at the core of ecology and evolutionary biology. Reciprocal interactions between ecology …

Carotenoids are among the most prevalent pigments used in animal signals and are also
important for a range of physiological functions. These concomitant roles have made …

Patterns of phenotypic change across environmental gradients (eg, latitude, altitude) have
long captivated the interest of evolutionary ecologists. The pattern and magnitude of …

Cichlid fishes constitute one of the most species-rich families of vertebrates. In addition to
complex social behaviour and morphological versatility, they are characterised by extensive …

Knowledge of geographic and temporal scales of adaptive genetic variation is crucial to
species conservation, yet understanding of these phenomena, particularly in marine …

When a species encounters novel environmental conditions, some phenotypic characters
may develop differently than in the ancestral environment. Most environmental perturbations …

Background Carotenoids contribute significantly to animal body coloration, including the
spectacular color pattern diversity among fishes. Fish, as other animals, derive carotenoids …