In this reflective paper, we explore students' local and global thinking about informal
statistical inference through our observations of 10-to 11-year-olds, challenged to infer the …

The introduction of digital technology into secondary schools is ideally suited for supporting
students as they manipulate and portray data in a range of different representations to draw …

The teaching of statistics at the secondary level should provide statistical literacy for students
who interact with data in several everyday situations. Therefore, it is crucial that the teacher …

This paper presents a case study of students (age 14–15) as they attempt to make sense of
distribution, adopting a range of causal meanings for the variation observed in the animated …

The importance of the connection between theoretical frequencies and observed relative
frequencies in pedagogy is advocated by various probabilistic researchers. This study …

This study focuses on pre-service teachers' experimentation with a game-modding process
in a constructionist setting whilst they experimented with randomness embedded in wider …

Our world is increasingly data-rich and data-dependent. Every day, 2.5 quintillion bytes of
new data are created—so much that 90% of the data in the world today has been created in …

BACKGROUND The mathematical modelling process is a significant activity that can be
useful in both developing and applying mathematical content. There is often a need to …

This paper presents a case study of a group of pre-service teachers (age 21-52) as they
work in a domain of stochastic abstraction to reason about" experimental" and" theoretical" …

This paper describes a range of students'(age 15) expressions of the interplay between
causality and variation, which we relate to dimensions of complex causality implicit in …