For the rapid growth of population electrical and electronics equipment waste are generated
20 to 50 million tones in world-wide. Half a tonne of e-waste creates by the resident of …

Solid waste disposal has led to increasing concerns over resource, health, and
environmental problems. These issues have been investigated using the Life Cycle …

The intrinsic advancement of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for application in electric vehicles
(EVs), portable electronic devices, and energy-storage devices has led to an increase in the …

Growing consumption of rare earth elements (REEs) due to their critical roles in various
sectors (eg, healthcare, energy, transportation, and electronics) has gained attention and …

There is a growing demand for advancing products and renewable technologies worldwide
that rely on rare earth elements (REEs), including those directly necessary for a low-carbon …

Along with the increasing demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIB), the need for recycling major
components such as graphite and different critical materials contained in LIB is also …

Rare earth elements (REEs) are among the important elements in various high-
technological appliances globally. Recently, the recovery of REEs from the waste electrical …

Over the last few decades, a substantial amount of e-waste including waste printed circuit
boards (WPCBs) has been produced and is accumulating worldwide. More recently, the rate …

E-waste, encompassing discarded materials from outdated electronic equipment, often ends
up intermixed with municipal solid waste, leading to improper disposal through burial and …

Over 90% of the global economy continues to use natural resources unsustainably. The
linear “take-make-toss” approach to materials use still prevails over circular economy and …