Over the past couple of decades, accumulating evidence has shown that structural and
functional abnormalities of coronary microvasculature are highly prevalent, associated with …

The endothelium plays a pivotal role in the regulation of vascular tone by synthesizing and
liberating endothelium-derived relaxing factors inclusive of vasodilator prostaglandins (eg …

In 2008, the Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of patients with vasospastic angina
(coronary spastic angina) 1 were developed by the Japanese Circulation Society, and the …

Recent clinical trials have highlighted that percutaneous coronary intervention in patients
with stable angina provides limited additional benefits on top of optimal medical therapy …

Recent advances in vascular imaging have enabled us to uncover the underlying
mechanisms of vascular diseases both ex vivo and in vivo. In the past decade, efforts have …

The lymphatic system is a drainage network composed of capillaries, precollector and
collector vessels, and lymph nodes. The blind-ended lymphatic capillaries are tiny, thin-wall …

Backgrounds We demonstrated that coronary adventitial inflammation plays important roles
in the pathogenesis of drug-eluting stent (DES)-induced coronary hyperconstricting …

Abstract Background Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-
mediated fibroinflammatory condition with high serum IgG4 levels affecting various organs …

Recent clinical trials have highlighted that percutaneous coronary intervention in patients
with stable angina provides limited additional benefits on top of optimal medical therapy …

Coronary artery spasm plays a key role in a wide range of ischemic heart diseases not only
in vasospastic angina (VSA) but also in acute coronary syndrome and sudden cardiac death …